Through the Phenomenal Appearance…

Through the phenomenal appearance of Kant’s books, one learns that it is only possible to form an opinion about Kant’s phenomenal appearance, since Kant himself cannot be known. Likewise, Kant’s philosophy can have nothing more than its phenomenal appearance apprehended, just like a dog, a refrigerator, or an equation. Now, the following happens: from the moment one accepts this precept, everything is justified, except for study and, ultimately, life. It is incredible that there could have been armies of Kantians who lived as ordinary men—that is, who accepted this phantasmagoria and allowed themselves a natural death. In truth, there seems to be only one explanation for this, one that is somewhat discrediting to Kant’s philosophy.

Irony Aside, We Have Much to Learn…

Irony aside, we have much to learn not only from lobsters, but also from chimpanzees and even rats, since science teaches us that our genetic material is practically identical. Who would have thought that, after all, the qualitative differences are smaller than was assumed in Aristotle’s time, when there were no measuring tools other than the mind. Now, we can realize that what distinguishes a human from a mouse is nothing more than an illusion! Undoubtedly, this innovative method of neurooscience, which studies animals to draw conclusions about humans, is extremely interesting. It is the opposite of what psychology does, which studies humans and draws conclusions about animals.

The Future of Neuroscience Is Promising

The future of neuroscience is promising: it seems that, with a few more decades of intense research, after exhausting the possibilities of laboratory tests with animals, it will discover that, as soon as man learns to deal with the most rudimentary impulses of his psyche, he ceases to behave faithfully according to a pattern. Here, then, will come the revolutionary discovery: he is also an autonomous being and has an individual identity. This is truly remarkable. However, it is good to consider that, on this day, there will be a need for philosophers, and then it will be discovered, once again, that those whom humanity has already produced are sufficient.

Neuroscientists, Studying Lobsters…

Neuroscientists, studying lobsters, have concluded that unsuccessful humans tend to be physically and psychologically more reactive to events that arouse emotions, especially negative ones, due to their low serotonin levels. In contrast, successful humans will have the opposite disposition: they will be less reactive, less alert, distinguishing themselves as calm and confident individuals. Ah, how beautiful simplifications are! Is it really true that, except in extreme cases, the unsuccessful man becomes reactive and psychologically fragile, while the successful man becomes a kind of psychological fortress, serene and at peace? Or is it that, more often than not, when psychological adolescence is overcome, failure teaches humility and success tends to inflate self-esteem, which imprisons, disturbs, paralyzes, and ultimately causes such severe heartbreak that the humble man can only conceive of it with great effort? Which of them fears failure more? Which one is more concerned with what he might lose? … This is the biggest problem in science. The mature man, who is not just a pile of molecules, if he looks back on the past, will surely say, “Thank God I failed.”